Upwards of one-third of infants born <30 weeks postmenstrual age suffer long term neurodevelopmentaldeficits. The prevalence rate of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) is approximately 5 times higher in theseinfants than in the general population. The purpose of this Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes(ECHO) application is to leverage our ongoing NIH (1R01HD072267-01A) longitudinal multisite prospectivestudy of approximately 600 infants born <30 weeks PMA from birth to age 2 entitled “Neonatal Neurobehaviorand Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants.” Our long-term goal is to discern which of these infants are most likely to become developmentally impaired, a personalized medicine approach that could lead to interventions thatprevent or mitigate later deficits. Our overall objective in ECHO is to follow these children through age 7 and determine potential mechanisms that lead to developmental outcome in these children. In order to do this,these children need to be studied in situ. Our hypothesis is that environmental exposures, behavioral, geneticvariation and epigenetic factors are required to understand the mechanisms involved. We plan to determinehow prenatal, perinatal and postnatal environmental exposures (e.g., physical, demographic, maternalpsychological, medical, chemical), DNA methylation, and infant neurobehavior at NICU discharge) will berelated to child measures of attention, cognition, emotion, social, language, behavioral and motor developmentat ages 5, 6, and 7 and ASD diagnosis. We expect genetic variation to modify the effects of environmentalexposures on these child outcomes and plan to develop an algorithm to identify which individual infants will bedevelopmentally impaired at ages 5-7. We also plan to determine the trajectories of DNA methylation andneurodevelopmental measures (attention, cognition, emotion, social, language, behavioral and motordevelopment) over ages 4-7, determine how neurodevelopmental trajectories “track” the trajectory of DNAmethylation and determine how these trajectories are modified by environmental exposures and geneticvariation. Our cohort is of substantive import for the entire synthetic cohort effort of ECHO to address how pre-,peri-, and postnatal environmental exposures impact childhood development in a multitude of multi-level ways.The perspective proffered ECHO will help ECHO develop a unique model to better understand mechanisms ofdevelopment, and use trajectory analysis to investigate sensitive periods and inflection points.
Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC)
Autism Research Database (AFD)
